Current Surgical Treatment of Gallstones Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Current Surgical Treatment of Gallstones. Answer: Presentation: Compelling clinical thinking aptitudes in nursing practice guarantee positive patient results. Then again, poor clinical thinking abilities lead to patients crumbling (Salminen et al., 2014). The term clinical thinking in nursing alludes to the way toward gathering prompts, preparing persistent related data, understanding the wellbeing state of the patient, arranging and advancement of mediation, assessment of result and pondering the results and the procedure. The whole procedure is a not straight rather each progression of the procedure is a pattern of connected and continuous clinical experiences (Dalton et al., 2015). Levett Jone built up the clinical thinking cycle and it is indispensable in nursing calling. The article manages the contextual investigation of 49-year-elderly person Mr. Kasim Al-Mutar who presents to the crisis office with cholecystitis. The exposition presents the wellbeing evaluation of the patient utilizing the Levett Jones clinical thinking system. The clinical thinking cycle is a powerful Management procedure and comprises of a few phases. The initial step of the system is the thought of the patients circumstance. In the given contextual analysis, Mr. Kasim Al-Mutar, a multi year elderly person with cholecystitis is introduced to the crisis office. He presents following two days of right upper quadrant stomach agony, heaving and fever. Cholecystitis is the condition related with gallbladder aggravation. In this condition, the gallstones block the cystic conduit. It bring about develop of bile in the nerve bladder prompting irritation. The most widely recognized indication of the intense cholecystitis is stomach agony and delicacy in right upper quadrant or RUQ (Bosch et al., 2016). It is the run of the mill consistent for his age and sex. As indicated by Wichmann et al., (2010) the danger of cholecystitis increments with age. In Australia this is the normal condition in 25-30% individuals matured 50 years or more. Intense chol ecystitis is more typical in men than ladies who get gallstones all the more regularly. Thusly, it is basic for Mr. Kasim to encounter these manifestations. Be that as it may, further appraisal is expected to decide the specific reason for the manifestation and distinguish the nearness of gallstones. The following stage of the clinical thinking cycle is assortment of signals and data identified with the clinical circumstance introduced. For this reason, it is essential to audit the handover data. In view of the clinical handover by past attendant, the patient had pulse of 126, circulatory strain of 100/45 and temperature of 38.5 which demonstrates fever . The handover illuminates extreme torment in right upper quadrant with last scene of spewing 2 hours prior. After gathering more data on the patient from the past medical attendant, it was discovered that the patient is pale with dry mucous film. The patient is parched and is mentioning water to drink. Extra data picked up from the past reports incorporates shoulder tip torment. The patient announced a torment score of 7 on a size of 10. After gathering data on patients family, it was discovered that the main part to help and care for Mr. Kasim is his 12-year-old little girl. The clinical handover doesn't give data on nearness of stomach sounds which is the most widely recognized indicative test requested to analyze cholecystitis. The data doesn't demonstrate if the agony was at first colicky and if later has gone to be consistent. There ought to have been more data fair and square of bilirubin, basic phosphatase which, give a proof on the hindrance of bile pipe. There is a need of complete blood tally test for finding and affirmation of a charming cholecystitis by distinguishing the markers of irritation (Yabluchansky et al., 2016). The data gathered from the handover should be handled to continue with further wellbeing appraisal of the patient. The preparing of acquired clinical data is the following phase of clinical thinking cycle. To begin with the imperative signs the pulse of patient which is 126 beats for each moment is demonstrative of tachycardia (Yabluchansky et al., 2016). His circulatory strain of 100/45 shows hypotension and fever is shown by his temperature of 38.8C. Further, the patient has been heaving 2 hours back. As indicated by Yabluchansky et al., (2016) the most widely recognized manifestations of intense cholecystitis incorporate fever, vomitting, tachycardia, and stomach torment. As per McPheeters and Karp, (2015) sickness and spewing in this condition is related with biliary colic which is the condition caused when bile channel is incidentally hindered by the gallstones. Subsequently, these indications coordinate on account of the patient. The patients of intense cholecystitis report upp er stomach torment, which at that point emanates to the correct shoulder or scapula. Further, the torment every now and again starts in the epigastric area and afterward limits in the RUQ (Bosch et al., 2016). A comparative side effect has been caught up if there should arise an occurrence of Mr. Kasim whose clinical history shows shoulder tip torment and serious RUQ torment. The torment score of 7 out of 10 demonstrates a predominant torment. It shows extreme torment that overwhelms the faculties. This extreme agony fundamentally meddles with rest and restrains the capacity to play out the ordinary every day exercises (Strong et al., 2014). Further, the fair skin of the patient shows pallor, and the patient is dried out as apparent from the dry mucous film and patients readiness to drink water. It demonstrates the need of setting up intravenous liquid promptly (Jeong Jung, 2016). It is important to pass judgment on the current state of the patient utilizing basic speculation abilities to distinguish the issues and issues. In light of the side effects of the patient the most presumed conclusion is intense cholecystitis thinking about the manifestations and writing (Le Finlayson, 2016). There is a need of focussed wellbeing appraisal. The research facility trial of amylase/lipase, liver capacity test, cardiovascular chemicals and b-HCG will better take out the unimportant alternatives from the differential analysis. A portion of the side effects are likewise basic if there should arise an occurrence of regular bile pipe block, and acalculous cholecystitis (Barie Eachempati, 2015).These symptomatic tests are fundamental since intense cholecystitis and normal bile conduit hindrance is affirmed with expanded degree of Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin and alakaline. In intense cholecystitis, amylase and lipase are somewhat raised. Sub sequently, these tests will preclude the potential outcomes of different issues, for example, a ruptured appendix (Victory et al., 2017). On the off chance that the fever is because of contamination it will be apparent from the ascent in WBC (positive blood societies). The right data of the finding can be accomplished from the intense stomach arrangement and ultrasound of the correct upper quadrant. In the event that the intense stomach arrangement is negative then the data from the ultrasound test will be the final retreat for right determination. It is on the grounds that the correct upper quadrant ultrasound advises about the nearness of the gallstones, perichocholecystic liquid, thickening of the nerve bladder divider thickening, sonographic Murphys sign and different anomalies in pancreas, liver, kidney and different things, for example, air in the mass of the gallbaaldder. Further, auxiliary imaging tests, for example, processed tomography can help distinguish the extrabilary issue (Adhikari et al., 2014). A large portion of the side effects direct towards that of intense cholecystitis, which as a rule happen because of gallstones. Be that as it may, in numerous patients having gallstones don't prompt these side effects. A few patients might not have cholecystitis, be that as it may, may give comparable side effects, for example, excited gallbladder (Yabluchansky et al., 2016). In cases other than intense cholecystitis, for example, catarrhal aggravation, patients have been seen as contaminated with pyogenic microscopic organisms that lead to fever. It might bring about irritation and aperture of the mucous film. These conditions are unique in relation to the cholecystitis. In the event of the patient Mr. Kasim, the chance of Jaundice is absent. By and large except if basic bile pipe impediment, Jaundice is missing (Guo et al., 2014). Numerous individuals with common nerve bladder assault have comparative side effects yet don't have extreme torment like intense cholecystitis (Jeong Jun g, 2014). The last advance of the clinical thinking cycle is the itemized wellbeing appraisal of the patient. Preceding the evaluation promotion creating care plan there is a need of point by point appraisal which incorporate the accompanying Ultrasonography-it is the underlying imaging test favored for the patient of cholecystitis. It is trailed by CT check which is optional imaging test to distinguish extra-biliary clutters. It likewise distinguishes intense inconveniences of cholecystitis. Cholecystography according to Le and Finlayson, (2016) can uncover the stones in the biliary framework. The medical attendant must survey the skin and mucous layer followed by appraisal of fringe heartbeats and fine top off. Followed this the medical attendant must evaluate for stomach distension, and any hesitance to move. Medical caretaker must report if there is any successive burping and guarding in quiet. Later the medical attendant must survey the example of the torment and any danger of lack of healthy sustenance. In light of the appraisal the significant objectives for the patient incorporate mitigating torment and advancing rest. The prompt consideration regarding the patient incorporate maintaing liquid and electrolyte parity and anticipation of entanglements (Adhikari et al., 2014). Taking everything into account, the equipped expert practice requires complex reasoning abilities. Basic thinking in nursing is essential as medical attendants are noteworthy piece of the decisions and the dynamic in heath care. Patients are here and there gave the unpredictable indications which may cover with different maladies. Ineffectual judgment may prompt improvement of unseemly intercessions. Thusly, it might offer ascent to patients disintegration and mortality. Along these lines, clinical

Buddist Text- The Heart of Understanding Thich Nhat Hanh Essay

Buddist Text-The Heart of Understanding Thich Nhat Hanh - Essay Example We might have the option to see a metaphorical â€Å"sunshine† on the paper after an artist or an author has composed something that will move us however not the strict daylight. The meaning of the word interbeing in itself is befuddling and in certainty can even be opposing in wording. Particularly when Thich Nhat Hanh referenced that â€Å"you can't simply be without anyone else alone† (10). Dismembering the terms and their importance of his content, he appeared to negate himself of what he implied by being separated from everyone else in light of the fact that by being distant from everyone else is being without any other person and how might I be able to not be separated from everyone else with myself when no one is no longer near. Obviously I am now alone without anyone else at that point. (b) Defend his contention by including extra proof or creating an additionalâ consistent proofâ Thich Nhat Hanh’s Interbeing must be perused in the more prominent se tting of the conviction arrangement of which it works which is Buddhism. Perusing it without anyone else without deriving to a more noteworthy setting of which it needs to fill a need, the content will render the peruser befuddled, with the author’s work turning out to be futile in light of the fact that the writings can't be comprehended as it is loaded with inconsistencies and loosened up associations. It will likewise be exceptionally hard to comprehend in light of the fact that the moral story doesn't bode well. In the content, Thich Nhat Hanh’s referenced that it is simply unrealistic that â€Å"you can't simply be without anyone else alone† yet I as of now am when no one is near. What's more, we can't see the paper simultaneously (Thich Nhat Hanh 9) since you are not here with me taking a gander at a similar book that I am perusing. You might be taking a gander at a similar book however it would be another duplicate of the content, not the specific paper t hat I am perusing. Be that as it may, in Thich Nhat Hanh’s point of view, we can really be taking a gander at a similar paper even without your physical nearness. To acknowledge Thich Nhat Hanh content, we need to comprehend the religious philosophy of Bhavat Gita that inspired the importance of Interbeing. While Bhagavad Gita is as basic to the Buddhist as the Bible to the Christian, it is as yet a weird plan to a non-Buddhist particularly if the reader’s point of view is situated towards western way of thinking and utilizing it as a measuring stick for understanding the content. The content is intelligent Bhavat Gita’s idea of karma that everything is only a cycle and interrelated including life and passing. This procedure of karma is ever proceeding to improve one’s karma until edification and vijnana is accomplished. So everything in this world is in a continuum and nothing exists without anyone else in light of the fact that everything is exposed to the law of karma which is recurrent and interrelated. When Thich Nhat Hanh referenced that â€Å"you just can't be distant from everyone else by yourself† it was in truth consistent when seen with the viewpoint of a Buddhist. â€Å"To be† is to be â€Å"inter-be† on the grounds that nature’s common request of things is for us to be in cooperative with everything around us that there is nothing of the sort as â€Å"just yourself†. To be â€Å"yourself† implied â€Å"to be with† in light of the fact that the regular request of the â€Å"self† is to serve karma which requires to be â€Å"inter-be†. Under this focal point, seeing the guardians of the lumberjack or the daylight on the paper is not, at this point unrealistic or unreasonable. For the paper is a piece of the greater plan of things that are interrelated and appeared not just with the contributions of creation of the

The Truth is Better than Fiction Accuracy in Historical Fiction

The Truth is Better than Fiction Accuracy in Historical Fiction As any avid reader knows, waiting for the next novel in a favorite series to be published can be excruciating. We invent all kinds of creative coping mechanisms to help us deal with the wait: writing fanfiction about our beloved characters, finding all the read-a-likes we possibly can, adopting O’Neal’s Razor. Sometimes, because social media happens, readers will start to pester authors about when the next book will be out. It’s an understandable question and, while I’m sure it can get annoying (and some readers can be rude about it), it is generally intended as a complement. Readers are asking because they like your books and want to read more. Such questioning by fans raises other questions about what authors owe to their readers, if anything. I tend to be in the camp that says authors don’t owe readers anything in terms of when they will publish their next book, or how they will end a fiction series, and so forth. But this topic touches on another issue that is near and dear to meâ€"accuracy in historical fiction. I DO think that authors of historical fiction have an obligation to be accurate in their writing. Naturally, historical fiction is different from history books and I think only the very worst pedants would expect utter slavish adherence to historical facts in a work of fiction. Also, such adherence to fact would likely render a work of fiction…not fiction. Author Elizabeth Chadwick states, “it is not about dumping all that knowledge and research into the text. That’s the last thing you want to do. Your aim is to entertain readers with a riveting story, not bore their socks off” (Chadwick, 2017, para. 15). At some point, authors will have to make a judgment call and make some things up. No one is psychic and so we don’t really know what someone was thinking. In many cases, we might have chronicles or other documentation available from which authors can draw inferences and build a story. If we are very, very lucky, we might have a person’s own journals or even a recorded in terview, depending on the timeframe involved. But even these more personal types of evidence don’t allow us to hear a person’s innermost thoughts, or witness a private conversation. Authors have to invent dialogue based on what they have learned about a person from the evidence that is available to them. In short, sometimes they have to they have to guess how an historical figure might act. These kinds of guesses are to be expected in historical fiction. Saying up front that a book is a work of fiction gives an author creative license to write a lot of nonsenseâ€"or does it? Tudor historian John Guy expresses concern that readers of historical fiction are unable to tell the difference between fact and fiction, especially when it is well written (Brown, 2017). Guy states that it is even more troubling when students applying to the University of Cambridge, where he teaches, try to apply based on a desire to study an historical figure based on a characterization they read in a work of historical fiction. In a popular series about Thomas Cromwell, for example, Guy says, “it was more scary that the writing was so good that some people think it is true” (Brown, 2017, para. 19). This is where I get antsy about accuracy. Yay for excellent writing and storytelling! Boo for making people think it is accurate. Like it or not, authors have at least some modicum of power and authority and can influence what the public thinks. Many of their readers are going to take their words at face value and not look beyond that, nor do any research of their own to verify what they just read. The term revisionist history springs to mind. It behooves authors to want to spread accuracy as well as tell a good story. There is nothing at all wrong if a reader doesn’t care about the facts so long as the dresses are pretty and the knights’ armor is shiny. But, that shouldn’t mean the facts go out the window, either. Chadwick would seem to agree. She says, “Yes, story is massively important, but in the case of historical fiction the story must rest solidly on historical integrity…Indeed, it’s essential. If you are twisting history to suit the story then you’re not a good enough writer” (Chadwick, 2017, para. 21). In essence, a good story and historical authenticity are not mutually exclusive. You can work with facts, or around them as needed, but don’t make up your own facts. We have enough alternative facts floating around right now, thank you. “If you do your research and don’t warp the history while telling a bloody good story, then the historical detail anoraks will stay off your back, the people who just want the frocks and a story won’t notice, and everyone’s happy” (Chadwick, 2017, para. 21). In all honesty, history is generally interestingâ€"and dysfunctionalâ€"enough as it is without changing things for added drama, don’t you think? The Tudors, the ever-popular favorite of historical novelists, are well known for their glittering courts full of intrigue, betrayals, love affairs,  spies, and drama, yes? Well, the Plantagenets make the Tudors look like rank amateurs in terms of dysfunction. And, the years immediately prior to the start of the Plantagenet dynasty were so miserable that the chronicler of the Peterborough Chronicle wrote, “And men said openly that Christ and his saints slept.” I mean, really. Who needs to add drama to stuff like this? It’s already built in! Accuracy can take a heavy turn as well, depending on the topic, time period, or location involved. It’s especially important that authors take care that people who are already minorities, underrepresented, or oppressed in some way are not made more so through inaccurate writing. One Book Riot contributor told me that inaccuracies in historical fiction didn’t used to bother her too much until she realized how fictionalized stories tend to favor the majority classes, religion, and castes, especially in Indian context. “Nobody tells you the stories about the lesser privileged and their narratives get lost or overwritten in this way” (personal communication, 27 Feb 2018). Another really important factor that can get overlooked is the power dynamic between the oppressor and the oppressed. This can get lost or overwritten with incautious writing or shoddy research. As another Rioter commented, “I do think inaccuracy becomes more problematic in terms of softening the oppressor (e. g. Jewish woman who falls in love with Nazi, Slave who falls in love with Master, etc). This ignoring of the power dynamics is what really will get me to put a book down” (personal communication, 27 Feb 2018). How horrifying to think that history is being misrepresented, and people’s pain may be shunted to the side just for the sake of an inaccurate story. Tell a better story. The consensus among the Rioters who kindly volunteered opinions, as well as the opinions of reviewers at the Historical Novel Society, seems to be that if readers can do the research, so can authors, and that good research is preferred. Anachronisms are “profoundly annoying and did interrupt the spell that good fiction can weave between the author and the reader…Perhaps the biggest irritant for the HNS reviewers is writers giving their characters contemporary mindsets, in taking them out of the conventions, culture and behaviour of their times and giving them an ‘enlightened’ temperament” (Kemp, 2018, para. 9). If there are liberties taken with facts or historical figures, then the near-universal preference among my colleagues is that there had better be an author’s note explaining it. It seems like such a little thing to include in any historical fiction book, will make the readers happy who like accuracy, and won’t matter to readers who are just there for a story. So, dear authors, please. I will make you a deal. I promise never to bug you about when your next book will be out if you promise to give us well-researched historical fiction with an author’s note included. You wouldn’t want your inaccurate novel to be used as the basis of some poor college student’s entrance essay, would you? How embarrassing. Deal? Brown, M. (2017, May 31). Students take Hilary Mantel’s Tudor novels as fact, says historian. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/may/31/students-take-hilary-mantels-tudor-novels-as-fact-hay-festival Chadwick, E. (2017, Jul 23) Beyond the Dressing Up Box: How I write historical fiction. Retrieved from http://elizabethchadwick.com/blog/beyond-the-dressing-up-box-how-i-write-historical-fiction/ Kemp, D. (2018, Feb). Alternative Truth: Historical Fact: Does it matter that we get the facts right? Historical Novel Review, iss 83. Retrieved from https://historicalnovelsociety.org/alternative-truth-historical-fiction-does-it-matter-that-we-get-the-facts-right/

Civilization in Lord of the Flies - 546 Words

Civilization has been a pinnacle of human achievement since it appeared. To be called uncouth is a grave insult. However, is civilization truly a part of who humans are or is what they have come to associate with savagery more true to the human heart? Through Peter Brook and William Golding’s presentation of Lord of the Flies share the idea that â€Å"savagery† will overcome rational thought and when structure falls, the primitive mind will rule, Brook shows this primitiveness as more a part of the human psyche than an evil to be eliminated. Savagery overcomes forms of logical thought that has been revolutionized and prized by humans since the dawn of learning. When given a task to earn the children salvation, Jack abandons his duty and goes off hunting (pg. 70). If he had thought it through properly, Jack would have realized that all the meat he could dream of is at his home. Even if he were catering to his ego, Jack should have realized that there is no grander or mo re revered deed than saving all the children with his vigilance. After the second feast, Jack orders everyone to fight off the rain with a rain dance (pg. 151). A dance cannot possibly stop or affect atmospheric events. As a school boy, this logic should have been ingrained into him from his early childhood. As soon as any form of structure disappears, the previous ways of humans will immediately jump in and take over the human mind. Within an hour of crashing upon the island, â€Å"Ralph inspected the whole thirtyShow MoreRelatedLord of the Flies - Civilization vs Savagery2896 Words   |  12 Pageswar, Golding resumed teaching and wrote his first novel, Lord of the Flies. Lord Of The Flies tells us the story of a handful of young schoolboys who had been marooned on an island as the plane that they were travelling, on to escape the war was shot down. 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In William Gold ingÂ’s novel, Lord of the Flies, a central theme exists demonstrating the deterioration of civilization, and the overpowering of savagery, leading to the abandonment of moral thoughts and actions within a person. The beauty of the island is burned away slowly as the fiery demon of savagery attempts to overwhelm

Physicians Use Of Electronic Medical Records Barriers...

Physicians’ Use of Electronic Medical Records: Barriers and Solutions Michelle Nance MIS/566 June 21, 2015 Professor Joseph Woodside Abstract Instead of using paper based records, technology allows physicians to use the electronic medical record (EMR) that improves the quality of programs. By using the EMR, this is not easy nor is it low cost. Physicians’ have to use this method as their daily task. There are some barriers that has been identified with the use of the EMR by the physicians we will discuss. There will be some suggestions made that might can help the policy interventions to overcome the barriers. This will include the support system of work/practice including electronic clinical data exchange, and financial rewards for quality improvement. (Sim, 2004) In today’s society, medical records becomes a huge issue. In many organizations such as healthcare, patient confidentiality becomes a high concern. 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The aim of this research is to determine if medical health professionals who lack experience withRead MoreElectronic Medical Records a Cure for Health Care Case Study Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagescase is medical record keeping. About 12 percent of healthcare spending goes towards medical recordkeeping. Medical records have been kept in files and folders, which causes difficulty in accessing and sharing information. This problem could be maintained with electronic medical systems. 2.) What people organization and technology factors are responsible for the difficulties in building electronic medical record systems? Explain your answer. Building an electronic medical record (EMR)

Essay On A Beautiful Mind - 971 Words

A Life with Schizophrenia The movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† helps the audience to see and understand how is it to live with schizophrenia. According to Cockerham, â€Å"Schizophrenia is a disturbance in an individual’s mood, thinking, and behavior, characterized by a distorted sense of reality that includes delusions and hallucinations† (34). The main character in this movie is John Nash, an American mathematician who struggles his whole life with schizophrenia. Although, in the long run he learns how to control it in a way that does not cause any physical or emotional harm to himself or others. For graduate school, he decides to go to Princeton University, where he competes with other students on coming up with an â€Å"original idea.† An original idea†¦show more content†¦Nash is a very lonely man. He does not like people, and he thinks people do not like him either. He considers himself as the â€Å"lone wolf† mainly because people do not like him. This is all on his mind, there are many people that appreciate his hard work and care about him. The movie does a great job on making the audience believe that certain things are happening, but in reality, they are only hallucinations that Nash is experiencing. He hallucinates things like working for the government as spy against the Russians, seeing and talking to Charles, his roommate from Princeton University and his niece, but none of this is real. There is one scene where Nash is going to drop an envelope with confidential information in it at the house of this man that he is working for, but a shooting begins. This is when the man that hired Nash tells him to get into the car. In Nash’s mind, the Russians are the ones who are shooting at him. After the imaginary shooting, he goes back to his house and locked himself up in a room. His wife starts to wonder why he is acting that way, but she never thinks that he has a mental illness, she just thinks he had a bad day. This is the defini tive outburst phase. The movie makes this scene like it’s actually happening. Towards the middle of the movie, he is taken to McArthur Psychiatric Hospital to get treatment for his mental illness. At the hospital, he tries to justify his behavior by telling hisShow MoreRelatedA Beautiful Mind Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pages In the movie A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard, John Nash is the main focus of this movie because he was diagnosed with a serious mental disease known as schizophrenia. Schizophrenia can be described by many different symptoms, but most cases contain illogical thoughts or hallucinations (1). This mental disease became a prominent factor in John Nashs life during his early adulthood. At this time, he was studying to obtain his doctorate at Princeton University. Although he had such an immaculate knowledgeRead MoreEssay on Beautiful Mind2489 Words   |  10 PagesCMI Kowats Pd. 4 March 12, 2011 A Beautiful Mind Questions Section 1: Questions: 1. Describe the opening sequence when John Nash sees the others. What patterns does he see? Why is this important? †¢ John sees patterns on the man’s tie, and relates it to reflections of light and shapes. This shows his analytical mind, and his ability to relate two arbitrary things to geometry and math. 2. What is Nashs role at Princeton? †¢ Nash is a graduate student at Princeton. He is also famousRead MoreEssay on A Beautiful Mind (Movie)937 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen hallucinating. The Department of Defense agent William Parcher and Nashs secret assignment to decode Soviet messages was in fact all a delusion. Even more surprisingly, Nashs friend Charles and his niece Marcee are also only products of Nashs mind. After a painful series of insulin shock therapy sessions, Nash is released on the condition that he agrees to take antipsychotic medication. However, these drugs create negative side-effects that affect his relationship with his wife and, mostRead MoreEssay about A Beautiful Mind993 Words   |  4 Pagesrealizations and realizations in life that I never thought of before. One of these realizations is the fact that seeing something is not a guarantee for you to believe that it really exists. This fact only states that even your own eyes and your own minds can fool you. This is what happened to the case of John Nash in the movie. His wife, Alicia, took note of every weird action that he started manifesting, and these weird actions frightened her and their child. Then, Alicia called the psychiatric hospitalRead MoreMy Beautiful Mind Essay1013 Words   |  5 PagesLiving with Schizophrenia â€Å"The mind is indeed a beautiful thing. It is the reason for our ingenuity, artistic originality and maybe even our humanity. What happens however when the mind works against us? When it tricks us into believing that what is not real to be the actual, destroying our sense of being?† (Angelo) We see this played out firsthand in the life of John Forbes Nash Jr. in â€Å"A Beautiful Mind.† The film was directed by Ron Howard and starred Russell Crowe, who plays John Nash, PaulRead MoreA Beautiful Mind: a Case Study Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: A BEAUTIFUL MIND 1 A Beautiful Mind: A Case Study A BEAUTIFUL MIND 2 Diagnostic Impression: Axis I 295.30 Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type, Continuous Axis II V71.09 No Diagnosis Axis III None Axis IV Psychosocial and Educational Stressors Axis V GAF = 55 (highest level in past 30 years) Case Study: John Nash suffers from Paranoid Schizophrenia. He is a gifted mathematician who began graduate school at Princeton University in 1947Read MoreA Beautiful Mind: Psychological Disorders Essay1061 Words   |  5 PagesA Beautiful Mind illustrates many of the topics relating to psychological disorders. The main character of the film, John Nash, is a brilliant mathematician who suffers from symptoms of Schizophrenia. His symptoms include paranoid delusions, grandiosity, and disturbed perceptions. The disease disrupts his social relationships, his studies, and his work. The more stressful his life becomes the more his mind is not able to distinguish between reality and fantasy. Nashs first hallucination is inRead More John Nash, A Beautiful Mind Essay1628 Words   |  7 Pages(Cicarelli, p. 559). JOHN FORBES NASH, JR. AND SCHIZOPHRENIA A powerful exploration of how genius and madness can become intertwined, the feature film, A Beautiful Mind, was inspired by the life of Nobel Prize winning mathematician and schizophrenic John Nash (PBS Online, 1999-2002). Nash, known as a mathematical genius and one of the most original minds of the 20th century, made his breakthrough as a twenty-year-old graduate student at Princeton University with a remarkable proof in the field of gameRead MoreEssay about Schizophrenia in A Beautiful Mind912 Words   |  4 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the film â€Å" A Beautiful Mind† John Nash experiences a few different positive symptoms. The first of these positive symptoms are seen through the hallucinations John has of having a room -mate while at Princeton. This room- mate continues to stay â€Å"in contact† with John through out his adult life and later this room- mate’s niece enters Johns mind as another coinciding hallucination. Nash’s other hallucination is Ed Harris, who plays a government agent that seeks outRead More Ethical Analysis of A Beautiful Mind Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Analysis of â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† â€Å"A Beautiful mind† is a story based on the life of John Forbes Nash, who is a famous mathematician. Unfortunately, he is suffering from paranoid schizophrenia that majorly affects his personal and social life. Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder in which the patient’s ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes (Hockenbury, 2010). John Nash, the main character, faces many challenges in his professional

Revelations Dance and Gospel Music Essay Example For Students

Revelations: Dance and Gospel Music Essay Introduction Alvin Alley was a choreographer who founded the Alvin Alley American Dance Theater in 1958. It was a hugely popular, multi-racial modern dance ensemble that popularized modern dance around the world thanks to extensive world tours. His most famous dance is Revelations, a celebratory study of religious spirit. Alley received the Kennedy Center Honors in 1988. Alleys philosophy to art is clear in his work he desired his performers to follow his meticulous choreography, but have each performer express that choreography in their own style. He use as a stimulus about the fact that the suffering and hardship faced by African Americans and feudalism and slavery. Revelations tells the story of African-American faith and tenacity from slavery to freedom through a suite of dances set to spirituals and blues music. Revelations is divided into three sections Pilgrims of Sorrow, Take Me to the Water and Move Members, Move. As an example, The opening section of Revelations. Alley described this section as songs that yearn for deliverance, that speak of trouble and of this orals trials and tribulations. The mood is reflected in unique gestures with heads bowed down and forward and heavy bodies reaching powerfully upward. The somber music and the lighting effects (by lighting designer Nicola Chronometric) and brown and skin toned costuming help with this. The second section features an enactment of a ceremonial baptism. A large group of dancers clad in white sweep onto the stage as baptismal agents?a tree branch to sweep the earth and a white cloth to cleanse the sky?lead a processional to the stream of purification. To the trains of Wade in the Water a devotional leader bearing a large umbrella baptizes a young couple at a river, represented by yards of billowing blue silk stretched across the stage. A raucous ceremony is followed by the meditative solo l Want Be Ready, which communicates a devout mans preparations for death. Lastly, In Move Members, Move, The final section celebrates the liberating power of 20th-century gospel music. This section includes the propulsive mens trio Sinner Man and the famous Yellow section, set in a southern Baptist rural church. Eighteen dancers in yellow costumes enact a church service with fans and stools. Stretched across the stage with torsos proudly lifted, the dancers embody the Joy of faith contained by complex stepping patterns performed in unison. VARIETY OF ELEMENTS (BODY) Firstly, the movements being shown within the video, are continuous arm swaying, spins, constructions and waving. However, these movements are manipulating the experience. As an example, A part of the dance piece, which is showing the trio of two omen and one male are showing their pain they have faced through sudden pulsing of the upper torso and contractions and releases and also the way theyve used their body to imitate water. Secondly, the use of fabric and the use of umbrella Revelations: Dance and Gospel Music By railways the water looked liked. Thirdly, for aural settings, gospel music have been provided in order to work well with the movements as it is ritual and the visual settings to relate with the religious music. The music have been chosen to symbolize the experience of African-Americans. As an example, In Ive Been Bucked!! nine dancers work in hushed accord, performing a ritual of communal introspection. Lastly, the use of costumes symbolize African-American, with the women wearing flow costumes as the guys only wear flow pants as it creates an effect for the choreography. These costumes have been used, to convey water, the movements and the gospel music. CONCLUSION The choreography communicate the African-American experience, by their use of events, the use of aural and visual settings and the costumes followed by the dancers. As an example, the gospel music tells the story of African-American faith and tenacity from slavery to freedom through a suite of dances set to spirituals. In my opinion, the choreography have been outstanding as it conveys the elements of movements, visual and aural settings and costumes and dancers because the somber music and the lighting effects and brown and skin toned costuming help with this.

Influence of Management Style on Employee Behavior

Introduction The influence of managerial style on employee behavior is manifested in a number of fashions including the leadership styles adopted by managers in the management of their employees. The behavior of employees significantly affects their conduct, attitudes and interactions with customers when in essence this behavior is largely dictated by the management style of top executives within the organization.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Influence of Management Style on Employee Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A number of leadership styles can be adopted in the running of organizations; a leadership style refers to the methodology and approach adopted by management in the provision of organizational direction, implementation of set targets and motivation of the human capital. Lewin, (1939) Autocracy In the running of day today matters within the organization, management may be autocratic or authoritarian, this management style has been misused by some managers (especially the general manager in the second resort) to mean ordering people around or bossing employees around and this has got absolutely no place in the contemporary leader’s repertoire. It may be likened to the phrase â€Å"I want you to†¦..† It finds application in instances when the management informs employees on what is to be done. Adler et al (2008) The most appropriate situation to use this style is perhaps when the employees have all the requisite information at their disposal on how they want a particular task executed and there is minimal time to execute this task. This approach should only be used in rare occasions because if management wants to influence and inculcate higher levels of commitment and motivation, then the democratic or participative style should be applied. The authoritarian style is the one applied by the general manager of the second resort visited by the resea rcher in Fiji. In this resort, he was found screaming instructions to the workers and the first impression was that the manager was overbearing on the employees and dictatorial. Instead of motivating the employees in his resort, he keeps complaining and whining about them calling them lazy and reprimanding them in public. He blames their culture for failing to inculcate desirable work values in them and blames everything around him including what he considers an odd and impossible system of owning land around the country. This also caused him to be at odds with the local chief. The effect of this leadership style is seen clearly when the researcher (a customer in the resort) leaves with less enthusiasm having sampled a paltry 23 bulas out of the possible 41.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Asked about his future plans, the manager is quick to discount any involvement of the locals in improving performance and instead recommends that he intends to bring in hired expatriates from Auckland in New Zealand to teach the locals on how best to be hospitable. His mentality of blaming the local culture is mistaken because in the previous resort visited by the researcher, employees were very pleasant to customers and highly motivated and this was as a result of their hospitable culture (the Fijian culture). Democracy The democratic approach by contrast is the one that involves both the leader and the employees in the decision making process. Hofstede (1977) It can be represented by the phrase â€Å"lets work together to solve this†¦..† this is what is being applied by the general manager in the first Fijian resort. In this resort, an impressive 39 bulas (greetings) were sampled out of the possible 41 and this indicated a labour force that is not only highly motivated but also one with high levels of job satisfaction, this pleasantness translates directly in the way employees treat their customers as was experienced by the researcher. The use of this management style does not show weaknesses but instead builds a strong rapport and understanding between the employees and their leader. Intelligent managers are able to understand that they do not have all solutions to the organization’s problems, they may have part of the solution but the employees (being competent and skillful) have the other solutions. In order to tap into their resourcefulness therefore, the manager in the first resort works in close collaboration with his employees and instead of being quick to introduce new ideas sees that the existing ideas are working well and therefore builds on them. In his own words, he has done absolutely nothing to change the employees natural hospitality rather he has taken advantage of the available local assets that he found in their traditional culture and village life. Reference List Adler, N., Gundersen A. (2008).Inter national dimensions of organizational behavior. Mason, OH:Thomson.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Influence of Management Style on Employee Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hofstede, G. (1977). Culture and Organizations: Software of the Mind, New York: McGraw-Hill. Lewin, K., LIippit, R. and White, R.K. (1939). â€Å"Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates.† Journal of Social Psychology, Vol.10, 271-301 This coursework on Influence of Management Style on Employee Behavior was written and submitted by user Mohammed Drake to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Intersectionality - Definition and Discussion

Intersectionality - Definition and Discussion Intersectionality refers to the simultaneous experience of categorical and hierarchical classifications including but not limited to race, class, gender, sexuality, and nationality. It also refers to the fact that what is often perceived as disparate forms of oppression, like racism, classism, sexism, and xenophobia, are actually mutually dependent and intersecting in nature, and together they compose a unified system of oppression. Thus, the privileges we enjoy and  the discrimination we face  are a product of our unique positioning in society as determined by these social classifiers. The Intersectional Approach Sociologist Patricia Hill Collins developed and explained the concept of intersectionality in her groundbreaking book, Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, published in 1990. Today intersectionality is a mainstay concept of critical race studies, feminist studies, queer studies, the sociology of globalization, and a critical sociological approach, generally speaking. In addition to race, class, gender, sexuality, and nationality, many of todays sociologists also include categories like age, religion, culture, ethnicity, ability, body type, and even looks in their intersectional approach. Crenshaw on Race and Gender in the Legal System The term â€Å"intersectionality† was first popularized in 1989 by critical legal and race scholar  Kimberlà © Williams Crenshaw  in a paper titled, â€Å"Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrines, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics,† published in The University of Chicago Legal Forum. In this paper, Crenshaw reviewed  legal proceedings to illustrate how it is the intersection of race and gender that shapes how black men and women experience the legal system. She found, for example, that when cases brought by black women failed to match the circumstances of those brought by white women or by black men, that their claims were not taken seriously because they didnt fit perceived normative experiences of race or gender. Thus, Crenshaw concluded that black women were disproportionately marginalized due to the simultaneous, intersecting nature of how they are read by others as both raced and gender ed subjects. Collins and a â€Å"Matrix of Domination While Crenshaw’s discussion of intersectionality centered on what she has referred to as â€Å"the double bind of race and gender,† Patricia Hill Collins broadened the concept in her book Black Feminist Thought. Trained as a sociologist, Collins saw the importance of folding class and sexuality into this critical analytic tool, and later in her career, nationality too. Collins deserves credit for theorizing a much more robust understanding of intersectionality, and for explaining  how the intersecting forces of race, gender, class, sexuality, and nationality manifest in a â€Å"matrix of domination.† Privileges and Forms of Oppression The point of understanding intersectionality is to understand the variety of privileges and/or forms of oppression  that one may experience simultaneously at any given time.  For instance, when examining the social world through an intersectional lens, one can see that a wealthy, white, heterosexual man who is a citizen of the United States experiences the world from the apex of privilege. He is in the higher strata of economic class, he is at the top of the racial hierarchy of U.S. society, his gender places him in a position of power within a patriarchal society, his sexuality marks him as â€Å"normal,† and his nationality bestows upon him a wealth of privilege and power in global context. The Ideas and Assumptions Encoded in Race By contrast, consider the everyday experiences of a poor, undocumented Latina living in the U.S. Her skin color and phenotype mark her as â€Å"foreign† and â€Å"other† compared with the perceived normality of whiteness. The ideas and assumptions encoded in her race suggest to many that she is not deserving of the same rights and resources as others who live in the U.S. Some may even assume that she is on welfare, manipulating the health care system, and is, overall, a burden to society. Her gender, especially in combination with her race, marks her as submissive and vulnerable, and as a target to those who may wish to exploit her labor and pay her criminally low wages, whether in a factory, on a farm, or for household labor. Her sexuality too and that of the men who may be in positions of power over her is an axis of power and oppression, as it can be used to coerce her through the threat of sexual violence. Further, her nationality, say, Guatemalan, and her undocumen ted status as an immigrant in the U.S., also functions as an axis of power and oppression, which might prevent her from seeking health care when needed, from speaking out against oppressive and dangerous work conditions, or from reporting crimes committed against her due to fear of deportation. The Analytic Lens of Intersectionality The analytic lens of  intersectionality  is valuable here because it allows us to consider a variety of social forces simultaneously, whereas a class-conflict analysis, or a gender or racial analysis, would limit our ability to see and understand the way privilege, power, and oppression operate in interlocking ways. However, intersectionality is not just useful for understanding how different forms of privilege and oppression exist simultaneously in shaping our experiences in the social world. Importantly, it also helps us to see that what is perceived as disparate forces are actually mutually dependent and co-constitutive. The forms of power and oppression present in the life of the undocumented Latina described above are particular not just to her race, gender, or citizenship status, but are reliant on common stereotypes of Latinas in particular, because of how their gender is understood in the context of their race, as submissive and compliant. Because of its power as an analytic tool, intersectionality is one of the most important and widely used concepts in sociology today.

Is Free Trade is good for the economy (of both trading nations) Essay

Is Free Trade is good for the economy (of both trading nations) - Essay Example If it is cotton, then Country A can concentrate of producing it and allow Country B to produce corn. This is not to say that the countries will not produce the other commodity, corn for Country A and cotton for Country B, but this applies to trading. The two countries can thus effectively trade with each other and reap maximum benefits. The beauty of comparative advantage is that everyone has a comparative advantage at producing something. Comparative advantage is useful in explaining why a country, on comparison with its trading partners, might produce and export something its citizens don’t seem very skilled at producing.2 Comparative advantage explains this scenario by advancing that citizens of the country importing must be better at producing another commodity thus enabling them to pay the exporting country for the work they have done.3 Modern international trade involves goods and services that could be produced anywhere in the world, and so buyers have the option of buying products that are either domestically produced or imported.4 In Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage, however, nations will export goods they are capable of producing at lower costs than the country which is importing them. It has been of concern that an economy with comparative advantage in making various commodities is likely to cause unemployment in other countries. China has grown tremendously in the recent past to become a force to reckon with in the manufacturing sector. The Chinese manufacturers have the benefit of affordable labor so most of the products they manufacture are cheaper than those manufactured in other parts of the world.5 Countries such as America have found themselves worried about doing business with China due to their competitive prices. However, there is no need for worry since every economy can identify a sector where they are best at. In so doing, an economy

Assess and arguments for the law of karma, and discuss whether the law Essay

Assess and arguments for the law of karma, and discuss whether the law implies or refutes the ex - Essay Example Sankhya believe that the material of creation is made of earth and stone and could possibly not be created by ‘Isvara’ whose own characteristics are not consistent with the same material (Radhakrishnan 43 b). The Sankhya doctrine holds that it is not possible to prove the existence of God and therefore he cannot be said to exist (Larson 83). I would opine that the doctrine contention aligns with the view that a benevolent God would have no motive of creating a world of mixed happiness and sorrows. The Purusa takes an important place in the understanding of the Sankhya doctrine. The Sankhya offers that the Purusa is not caused (Collins 106). The Purusa is usually likened to consciousness. In most doctrines, consciousness is usually attached to the idea of the existence of a Supreme being. The Sankhya position that the Purusa is not caused directly contradicts the idea of the existence of a creator God. However, problems arise within the doctrine with the supposition that Purusa does not have any qualities. In my opinion, this view would imply that all beings are same. Such a thesis would refute the possibility of the existence of different fates for different actions as understood within the overall framework of the Karma. The position adds weight to some of the problems and contradictions that have been identified within the Sankhya doctrine with regard to the nature and qualities of the Purusa. The character of the ‘Isvara’ according to the doctrine developed by the Sankhya is that he is not attached to the universe (Radhakrishnan 40 b). According to the Mimamsa doctrine, the ‘Isvara’ does not provide the fruits of actions, which essentially distinguishes them from other doctrines that assign roles of reward and punishment to the deity (Radhakrishnan 22 b). Instead, the rewards or consequences of actions are purely depended on the actions of individuals. Good actions beget positive consequences, while bad actions bring ab out negative consequences. The Mimamsa doctrine does not mention whether or not the ‘Isvara’ created the universe (Radhakrishnan 19 b). In my view, I would conclude that the positions adopted by both doctrines acknowledge the fact of divine being but do not agree on his nature or tasks. In general terms, the Sankhya philosophy is governed by the concept of dualism. The philosophy challenges the view of the God as central idea that controls the cause and destiny of humanity. The destiny of man, according to Mimamsa is dependent on the actions and will of man in accordance with the Verdas (Radhakrishnan 74 a). In this sense, God is only a benevolent power that grants to human beings their due share in accordance with their character on earth. It is therefore important to consider the fact that the actions of man are integral in the destiny of the universe. The cultivation of ‘Dama’ or self-control as a way of pursuing a virtuous and upright life (Radhakrishna n 13 b). Samkhya adopts the position that the harmony in the world is born out of the paradoxical dualities as argued by Sage Kapila. Samkhya philosophy is founded on the idea of harmony numerals. According to the terms of this philosophy the collection of elements and characteristics of things in the universe work to maintain some sense of balance between the systems. The underlying meaning in the Samkhya philosoph

Education Systems Comparison: Australia and Mongolia

Education Systems Comparison: Australia and Mongolia COMPARISON BETWEEN MONGOLIAN AND AUSTRALIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM I would like to introduce comparison between Mongolian and Australian Education system in several areas such as general statement, access, quality and efficiency. First of all I would like to introduce general statement for both countries. Education in both countries follows preschool, primary and secondary education and technical education and vocational training and tertiary education. Both countries preschool education is non compulsory. Mongolian preschool education is offered to children agedÂÂ  2 to 5 in kindergarten, but Australian preschool education offered children aged 3 to 5. Mongolian preschool education is an instructional institution and by the Mongolian Preschool education law kindergartens shall provide preschool education to children of preschool age and ensure their school preparedness. Australian early childhood education has many types of preschool education such as kindergarten, child care center, Montessori center and act. Also, there are many similarities on primary and secondary education in two countries which means 12 year schooling system. The official enrolment age is 6 year old children in two countries. In addition, the Mongolian Government initiated transforming primary and secondary schools into a 12 year system in 2008. This transition will be complete by 2016. In Mongolia, that 6 years of primary, 3 years of lower secondary and 3 years of upper secondary schooling. In Australia that 7 years of primary and 5 years of secondary. In Australia, in the some states territories, primary schools often include a pre-school. In Mongolia, technical education and vocational training (1-2.5 years) sub-sector comprises specialized upper secondary schools as well as post-secondary diploma programs housed in higher education institutions. Therefore, in Australia, each state has a Vocational Education and Training or Technical and Further Education system. It is prepares people for work in a career that does not need a university degree. In Mongolia, higher education is awarded by colleges, institutes and universities. At the higher education level, bachelor programs usually last four to five years and six years for medical programs. Masters programs usually require one to two years and doctorate programs require three to four years to complete. Likewise, Australian higher education (6+) awards are classified as follows certificate, diploma and associate degrees, which take one to two years to complete, some aspects of higher education are the responsibility of States and Territories. In particular, most universities are recognized under the State and Territory legislation. Secondly, I would like to compare access of education in both countries. In Mongolia, 76.3 percent preschool age children attended in preschool education services. In 2009/2010 academic year, there are 785,8 thousand students enrolled in institutions of formal education. There were 102, 6 thousand children in 814 kindergartens. In 2009, 58.6 percent of pre-school children who are 2-5 year olds enrolled at institutionalized education programs and 17.4 percent of total pre-school children enrolled in alternative forms of educational services. In Australia 97.5 per cent of children attended for early childhood education the year before school. The year before a child is due to attend primary school is the main year for pre-school education. This year is far more commonly attended, and may take the form of a few hours of activity during weekdays. Preschool is in some states and territories relatively unregulated. In Mongolia, in 2009/2010 academic year, 557,3 thousand pupils in 710 primary and secondary schools. The primary and secondary education net enrollment rate was 91.5 percent. An addition, girls enrollment in primary and secondary cycle is greater than boys. In Australia, primary and secondary education is compulsory between the ages of 6 to 17, depending on the state or territory. The primary and secondary education net enrollment rate was 99.3 percent. In recent years, over three quarters of students stay at school until they are seventeen. Government schools educate about two thirds of Australian students, with the other third in Catholic and Independent schools. A small portion of students are legally home-schooled. Higher Education in Mongolia has universities and colleges. There are 146 universities, which is 42 are public, 99 are private and 5 are international. During the last 5 years number of students enrolled in higher education institutions increased by 70,1 per cent. The proportion of female students is 61.8% of total higher education enrolment. That data indicate an unusual reverse gender gap in higher education. This is particularly noticeable at the higher levels of education where typically female greatly outnumber male students. Last 5 years enrolments in occupational programs such as foreign languages, law, computer science, engineering, medicine, and tourism was more than double. Tertiary education in Australia provider is university self-accrediting provider, non self-accrediting provider. In 2009, the Australian higher education system consisted of 41 universities, of which 37 are public institutions, 2 are private, and 2 are Australian branches of overseas universities; 2 other self-accrediting higher education institutions; and non-self-accrediting higher education providers accredited by State and Territory authorities, numbering more than 150 as listed on State and Territory registers. These include several that are registered in more than one state and territory. Thirdly, in short, I want to compare and contrast quality of education both countries. The most important aspect for quality education is the learning achievement. According to the Program for International Student Assessment for 2006 ranks the Australian education system as 6th on a worldwide scale for Reading, 8th for Science and 13th for Mathematics. The Education Index, published with the UNs Human Development Index in 2008, based on data from 2006, lists Australia as 0.993, amongst the highest in the world, however Mongolia lists as 71, the medium level. In addition, many universities in Australia have gained international recognition. Two of the most acknowledged are the Academic Ranking of World Universities, produced by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and the THES QS World University Rankings, which in 2006, had no fewer than 13 universities amongst the worlds top 200. That is why many foreign students wants to study in Australia at schools and universities. Quality in education is not good in Mongolia. Particularly, urban-rural gap in education quality still exist. According to some recent research, children attending rural schools perform significantly worse than children attending schools in aimag centers and Ulaanbaatar. Rural schools have limited access to resources needed to support higher learning achievements. Another main issue of qualitative aspects in education is teacher and children ratio. In Mongolia teacher and children ratio in the preschool is 25:2 and 30:1 is for secondary school.2 But 18:3 is for preschool and secondary is about 20:1 in Australia.5 It depends states and territories. Teachers are key players in implementing of the education sector, especially in classroom and teaching and learning quality, which is highly dependable on their professional capacity and supply. Two countries teacher qualification and professional knowledge and skills are similar, but teaching method is different. As I mentioned the last another issue of qualitative aspects in education is curriculum. The Mongolian Government approved a new set of competence based education curriculum/standards for pre school, primary and secondary education emphasizing the quality of education. These new curriculum is being introduced in the school year of 2005/2006. On the other hand, national curriculum /standard has renewed to be promoting a human development as develop pupils competence in terms of communication skills, self-confident, a critical thinking and problem solving abilities etc. In Australia there is a mandatory curriculum in addition to elective subjects. For the students are required to take state-wide external tests in English-literacy, mathematics, science, Australian history, geography, civics and citizenship and computing skills in. Finally, I want to write a few words about educational efficiency. The Mongolian Law on Education stipulates that at least 20 percent of the government budget is allocated to education. Government expenditure on education as a percent of GDP is 9 and a percent of GNP is 19.09 in 2004. Education expenditure has significantly increased over the last few years. Educations share of public expenditure has also remained consistently high, averaging 18.6 percent over the 2008-2010 period, although it has not quite reached more than 20 percent share as required by the Education Law, (revised in 2006). But the national education budget has increased by 2.5 times in 2004 as compared to 1996. The education sector is financed principally from two sources: the Central budget (81.7 percent in 2008) and the local budget (9.3 percent) with revenue raised at province and city levels. Other sources of revenue include tuition fees (4.1 percent), donations from individuals and organisations (1.6percent), project funds (0.1 percent) and others (2.7percent). In Mongolia, school and kindergarten financing is operated based on per child normative variable expenses with adjusting indexes. Indexes used to adjust the different situations in terms of population density, distance as remoteness of school location so on. However, some of remote and rural schools are still facing problems related with financial shortages due to not enough children attending in their kindergarten and school. Since 1997, state financing only fixed costs such as heating, electricity and water in higher education institutions. Student tuition fees constitute the major income source for universities, institutes and colleges. It makes up 80% of higher education income. In conclusion, it can be clearly seen that Australian and Mongolian education system are a few similarities some area such as general statements and accesses. However, the quality in education two countries is very different. Quality in education in Australia is the highest in the world, although in Mongolia, such as many indicators of the education quality and efficiency are not good enough and we have to change trends also, remind that there is need for policy and operational strategy reforms. Therefore, Mongolian education sector is undergoing new stage development reform. It has encountered new challenges created by poverty and social deprivation. The following issues are considerable in future development of education sector in Mongolia. Generally, Australian education system has a good policy, management, and sustainable development for every part of the education sub sectors. Finally, I believe that to improve relationship and to expand cooperation between Australian and Mongo lian education sector.

The Beatles: Their Influences and Early Years Essay -- Hamburg, Elvis,

Hamburg had a street called Reeperbahn which had more strip clubs than any street in the world. Hamburg also had a really high crime rate because all the gangs from Berlin moved to Hamburg due to the Berlin Wall (Davies 80.) This makes me think this is why their parents were hesitant about letting them go. They played in an Indian club called Indra. They became very good, so good that they started playing 7 days a week until 2 am. Eventually the club got so loud that they had to move due to complaints by the neighbors (Davies 82.) They would play so much they would usually get around 5 hours of sleep. This shows that if you want to be really good at something you must work really hard. They wanted to play and wanted to be successful and were willing to work for it. The Beatles were not only headliners at parties; the Beatles also were big partiers themselves. There were also fights in the club while they were playing. There was so fighting and alcohol that the people inside the clubs would be half dead (Davies 83-84.) This also caused some on-stage fight or arguments. Sometimes they would throw food at each other while performing. It did get out of hand sometimes. The group made very few friends while they were in Hamburg. They didn’t like the Germans. John said,† They are all half-witted.† They didn’t make friends with the British people there because they would start arguments with Germans (Davies 85.) Eventually they had to come back home. When they came back from Hamburg, one of their friends put up a sign that said: The Beatles, Direct from Hamburg. This lead to people thinking they were German. People actually complemented them on how well English they spoke (Davies 97-98.) After they came back from Hamburg, the Beatles started playing in ballrooms, in these ballrooms fights would occur very often. Once, Paul got grabbed by a random guy, slammed into the wall, and told not to move at all. Another night, people were fighting each other with fire extinguishers (Davies 101). I find this to be an odd coincidence because in Hamburg, the same stuff would happen to them there. Trouble just followed the band everywhere they went. Awhile after they were home, they decided to go back to Hamburg for a second time. While in Hamburg they met up with an old friend, Astrid. She was married to Stu, one of the early members, and greeted them with leather jackets. She wanted to change Stu’s haircut, so she brushed it down and cut parts off. This then caught on with the other band members and became the signature haircut (Davies 106). That was the birth of one of the most iconic haircuts in history, the 60’s, and Rock & Roll. They had to come home again but this time, Stu decided to go to Art College in Hamburg instead of continuing on with the band. When the Beatles arrived back from Hamburg, they heard about a newspaper called Mersey Beat. This was the first ever newspaper in Liverpool devoted to only music. A guy named Bob Woller had written an article about them in the newspaper (Davies 107). This was their first big sign of attention they got. They didn’t find out about the article until they came back from Hamburg. They were worried they had become irrelevant in Liverpool. While they were gone, they got a lot more offers from clubs to play and they had to travel constantly. Pete’s friend Neil Aspinall bought a van and became the road manager of the Beatles. He quit his other job and worked full time with them (Davies 109). Neil was their road manager for every year they played tours. The Beatles kept playing and got much better as time went on. They got the attention of record store owner Brian Epstein. In December of 1961, the Beatles met with Brian Epstein to work out a contract. After negotiations a contract was signed and Brian became the manager of the Beatles (Davies 128-129). This jump started their band career; they finally had someone who could represent them in business stuff. Brian whipped the Beatles into a polished band. He got them 40 euros a week for a club in Hamburg. He was put in charge of all the bookings and made sure everyone knew what they were doing (Davies 130). Brian also started negotiations with the recording studio Decca, and got them a demo (Davies 133). The recording demo didn’t work out though. They said Paul and George didn’t play well. John said it was because they were ne... ...keep up with Brian Epstein’s goal of releasing a new album of songs every 6 months, plus a Christmas release for their fan club. Of course, this was in addition to touring, interviews, and movie work (Hartzog). This was a tough schedule for them to follow and it is why the eventually ended up stopping touring altogether. George Martin was a huge fan of the way the Beatles made their music. He liked how they could pile tracks on tracks and still make it sound so amazing. George also liked the creativity they had with all of their songs and their lyrics (Davies 289). They were the perfect song writing duo and it was like they would spew out number one song after number one song without any pause. As the Beatles' late-1967 single "Hello Goodbye" went to Number One in both the U.S. and Britain, the group launched the Apple clothes boutique in London. McCartney called the retail effort "Western communism"; the boutique closed in July 1968. Like their next effort, Apple Corps Ltd. (formed in January 1968 and including Apple Records, which signed James Taylor, Mary Hopkin, and Badfinger), it was plagued by mismanagement. In July the group faced its last hysterical crowds at the premiere of Yellow Submarine, an animated film by Czech avant-garde designer and artist Heinz Edelmann featuring four new Beatles songs; a revised soundtrack featuring nine extra songs was released in 1999 (The Beatles Biography) . In August they released McCartney's "Hey Jude", backed by Lennon's "Revolution", which sold over 6 million copies before the end of 1968 — their most popular single. Meanwhile, the group had been working on the double album The Beatles (frequently called the White Album), which showed their divergent directions. The rifts were artistic — Lennon moving toward brutal confessionals, McCartney leaning toward pop melodies, Harrison immersed in Eastern spirituality — and personal, as Lennon drew closer to his wife-to-be, Yoko Ono. Lennon and Ono's Two Virgins was released the same month as The Beatles and stirred up so much outrage that the LP had to be sold wrapped in brown paper (The Beatles Biography). Works Cited Beatles: An Authorized Biography

AP Environmental Science Q

1 . The environment is the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates; the natural world affected by human activity. 2. Environmental science Is the study of the Interaction between living and nonliving, physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment including their effects on all types of organisms but most often the Impact humans have on the environment. Ecology, conservation biology, forestry, sol science, forest technology and physics are related to environmental science. . Environmentalism is a theory that views environment rather than heredity as the important factor in the placement and especially the cultural and intellectual development of an individual or group; advocacy of the preservation, restoration, or improvement of the natural environment; especially the movement to control pollution. 4. Natural capital is the air, land, water, living organisms and all the formations of the Earth's biosphere that provides us wit h ecosystems goods and services imperative for survival and well- being. . A natural resource occurs naturally within environments that exist relatively undisturbed by humanity; in a natural form; anything that people can use which comes from nature; we gather them from nature. EX: air, water, wood, 011, Iron, wind energy, coal, hydroelectric energy. A natural/ecosystem service are regularly Involved In the provisions of clean drinking water and the decomposition of waste.Natural ecosystem services is split into four categories: provisioning, such as the production of food and water; regulating, such as the control of climate and disease; supporting, such as nutrient cycles and crop pollination; and cultural, such as spiritual and recreational benefits. 6. An environmentally sustainable society is a community that is in balance with nature; people in the society do actions that are DOD for the environment. 7. A developing country is a nation with lower living standards, underdevelop ed industrial base, and low human development index relative to other countries.A developed country Is a nation that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological Infrastructure in comparison to other less developed countries. 8. A developing country has lower life expectancy, less education, lower population, lower resource level usage and less money(lonesome). A developed country has a higher life expectancy, more education, higher population, higher resource level usage and more money(income). . A resource is a source of supply, support or aid that can be readily drawn upon when needed.Conservation is the prevention of injury, decay, waste, or loss; the careful preservation of a natural resource in order to prevent depletion. 10. A renewable resource is a natural resource which can replenish with the passage of time, either through biological reproduction or other naturally reoccurring processes. EX: geothermal energy, hydrophone, corn starch, manure. A nonrenewable r esource is a resource that does not renew Itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful unman time-frames. EX: coal, petroleum, natural gas, and nuclear energy. 1. The difference between the concept of reuse and recycle Is that reusing Is when a product that Is newly purchased Is put to another use after the first use Is completed. Recycling is processing of used materials (waste) into new products to prevent waste resource which does not exceed the growth; the amount of renewable resources taken should not exceed the amount at which it can be replaced. 13. An ecological footprint is an accounting system that tracks how much land and water area a human being uses to provide all it takes from nature. . Pollution is the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects. Point source pollution is a single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution coming from a single location. EX: A certain factory is producing chemicals. As part of the manufacturing process, certain poisonous chemicals and toxic gases result, such as benzene. The chemical company permits these toxins to be released from the stack at the factory without treating them.The untreated, toxic chemicals are released directly into the air. Nonprofit pollution is when contaminants are introduced into the environment over a large, widespread area. EX: Acid rain from the air can enter the water cycle. The result is that it enters the environment. The acid is harmful to fish and other creatures in freshwater lakes and streams. Whenever there is snow or ice on the roads in winter, the salt trucks come out and spread salt. The salt dissolves the snow and ice and makes the roads safe. But it also washes off the roads into lakes and streams and makes them salty.The salt is also carried down into the groundwater where it enters the groundwater apply. 15. Biodegradable: capable of decaying throu gh the action of living organisms. Orange peels: 6 months, paper 2-5 months; Non-biodegradable: cannot be changed to a harmless natural state by the action of bacteria and may damage the environment. Ceramics(fleer glass, carbon fiber), plastics(legal, irony), metals(iron, tin). 16. Five environmental problems the world faces today are population growth, poverty, wasting resources, poor environmental accounting, and ecological ignorance.Population growth is one of the biggest problems because humans consume so much energy, space and resources. With the rising population the Earth is unable to keep reproducing enough to accommodate the world. Poverty is another big problem because people/nations begin to take land resources to â€Å"pay off their debts† or survive. Wasting resources is the practice of wasting valuable resources by human beings for unnecessary motives. Poor environmental accounting is when business do not take the environmental impact into account when using th e resources to make their products.Ecological ignorance is the failure to understand the effects of human behavior on the relationship between the environment and living things. 7. When someone says that the price of goods does not include the value of natural capital they mean that they do not take into account the loss of biodiversity and puts economic concern in a way that the government and institutions can deal with. People often think of conservation in terms of its cost rather than its value, and think of manufactured goods in terms of value rather than their environmental costs. 18.A government subsidy is a benefit given by the government to the groups or individuals usually in the form of cash payment or tax reduction; usually given to remove some type of burden. A harmful effect they cause is environmental degradation like exploitation of resources, pollution, loss of landscape, misuse and overuse of supplies. A benefit example is that the U. S. Government makes goods more easily attainable for citizens such as gasoline prices are subsidized so that they are what they think their role in the world should be, and what they believe is right and wrong environmental behavior.Environmental ethics is the discipline is philosophy that studies the moral relationship of human beings to, and the value and moral status of the environment and its nonhuman contents. 0. Planetary management worldview beliefs that as the planets most important species, we are in charge of the Earth; we will not run out of resources because of our ability to develop and find new ones; the potential for economic growth is especially unlimited; and our success depends on how well we manage the Earth's life support systems mostly for our own benefit.Stewardship worldview beliefs that we are the planets most important species but we have an ethical responsibility to care for the rest of nature; we will probably run out of resources but they should not be wasted; we should encourage envi ronmentally harmful forms of economic growth; and our success depends on how well we can manage the earth's life-support systems for our benefit and the rest of nature.Environmental wisdom worldview beliefs that nature exists for all the earths species and we are not in charge of the earth; resources are limited, should not be wasted, and are not all for us, we should encourage earth sustaining life forms of economic growth and discourage earth-degrading forms of economic growth; and our success depends on learning how the earth sustains itself and integrating such lessons from nature into the ways we think and act. 21 . The four scientific principles of sustainability are reliance of solar energy, biodiversity, nutrient cycling, and population control.The reliance of solar energy is how and how much of the sun energy we reuse. Biodiversity is the amount of variation and variety there is in the population. Nutrient cycling is how one population can benefit from another population. P opulation control is when one type of species population is too large and what we do to control and handle that. 22. A. Nutrient Cycling b. Nutrient Cycling c. Population Control, Biodiversity d. Nutrient Cycling e. Nutrient Cycling f. Nutrient Cycling g. Reliance on Solar Energy

Child Abuse And Its Effects On Children - 990 Words

Many children that have frequent injuries, have poor nutrition, or avoid specific people for no reason may be showing signs of abuse. Very few people understand what abuse is and how it affects the children that are abused. For the majority of the population, abuse is a new term that many don’t fully understand because it can be defined in different ways depending on how abuse is viewed and considered. Knowing what child abuse is can help the millions of children affected by it each year. Being knowledgeable will also help increase the amount of people that report maltreatment. Many children that are maltreated don’t understand what is going on because to them the behavior is normal. Parents that are the abusers also believe it is normal because that is how they were raised. Some abused children don’t know who to tell or are ashamed to let someone know. In some cases, they report it to someone, but that person doesn’t believe them or take them seriously. The person that is abusing them might also threaten them to not say anything. It is also important to understand abuse because abuse has a short and long term impact on the children. Abuse affects their school performance, ability to create and maintain relationships, and their understanding of security, love, and support. Abuse also affects their emotional and behavioral impact. It can lead children to do things that they would normally not do otherwise. For instance, children may be inclined to suicide as their onlyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Child Abuse On Children935 Words   |  4 PagesChild abuse has been an issue in America since the beginning of time, but lately there has gradually been an increase in reported incidents of abuse. There are several types of child abuse that are present in today’s society. The different types of abuse include physical, emotional and sexual abuse. Of the different maltreatment types, four-fifths (78.3%) of unique victims were neglec ted, 17.6 percent were physically abused, 9.2 percent were sexually abused, 8.1 percent were psychologically maltreatedRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals corrected. However, there are cases that have not been solved or not stopped by the law. Child abuse is common. Child abuse can be caused by a variety of reasons. Scientist have been studying and they have some ideas on what prompt people to harm children (Ian Hacking). They are trying to end child abuse, but there is so much they can do. Many children abuse incidents are not reported. Child abuse may have many causes as in way the abuser does it. One specific factor is the background of theRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children913 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral types of abuse, there’s physical, emotional, verbal and several others abuses. But the abuse I would like to focus on is child abuse. Domestic violence towards children is important because there is a way to prevent it from happening. Typical parents and caregivers do not intend to abuse their children. Abuse is mainly directed toward the behaviors that are given off towards one another. Author David Gil defines child abuse as an occurrence where a caretaker injures a child, not by accidentRead MoreChild Abuse Is An Effect On Children1657 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2010 according to the census bureau there were 74,100,000 U.S children between the ages of 0-17 being abused and 3.3 million referrals. This effected on average 1-10 U.S families and children, there were more than 32,200,000 U.S families with children under the age of 18 according to the 2010 census bureau. From the 3.3 million hotline calls in 2010 there were less than 475,000 sustained cases (2010 NCANDS: 436,321 sustained +24,976 indicated = 461,297 total) resulting in about 15% of hotlineRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1317 Words   |  6 PagesChild abuse has long been an ongoing social problem; t his abuse has been one of the repeatedly difficult accusations to prove in our criminal justice system. Child abuse causes many years of suffering for victims. Children abused suffer from chemical imbalances, behavioral issues and are at high risk for becoming abusers or being abused in adult relationships. This cycle of learned behavior and suffering will be a hopeless reoccurring problem unless the criminal justice system and protocols for abusersRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1488 Words   |  6 Pages â€Æ' In addressing child abuse we are confronted with a series of problems. On the one hand, there is a lack of the true extent of the phenomenon because no data are available and that the issue, often refers to the most intimate spaces of family life. Furthermore, cultural and historical traditions affect the way each society faces this problem. Finally, there are varying opinions as to its definition and classification, as well as the consequences of child abuse may have and its subsequent therapeuticRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1263 Words   |  6 Pages Child Abuse Child abuse is any behavior which, by action or omission, produces physical or psychological damage to a person less than 18 years, affecting the development of his personality. In homes, it is believed that the most effective way to educate children is using the abuse. This form of punishment it used as an instrument of correction and moral training strategy as it is the first and most persistent justification of damage and maltreated mothers parents inflict on their children. SocietyRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1160 Words   |  5 PagesMost parents and other caregivers do not intend to hurt their children, but abuse is defined by the effect on the child, not the motivation of the parents or caregiver. Tens of thousands of children each year are traumatized by physical, sexual, and emotional abusers or by caregivers who neglect them, making child abuse as common as it is shocking. Most of us can’t imagine what would make an adult use violence against a child, and the worse the behavior is, the more unimaginable it seems. ButRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1227 Words   |  5 Pagesreports of child abuse are made involving more than 6 million children. The United States has one of the worst records of child abuse losing 4-7 children a day to the abuse. Abuse is when any behavior or action that is used to scare, harm, threaten, control or intimidate another person. Child abuse is a behavior outside the norms of conduct and entails substantial risk of causing physical or emotional harm. There are four main types of child abuse; physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, andRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1132 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Child abuse takes many different forms. Including physical, sexual, emotional, or neglect of a children by parents, guardians, or others responsible for a child s welfare. Regardless of the type of abuse, the child’s devolvement is greatly impacted. The child’s risk for emotional, behavioral, academic, social, and physical problems in life increase. According to the Child Maltreatment Report by the Children’s Bureau (1999) the most common form of child abuse in the United States is